7.1 Respons matrices
 7.2 Introduction
 7.3 Data binning
  7.3.1 Introduction
  7.3.2 The Shannon theorem
  7.3.3 Integration of Shannon’s theorem
  7.3.4 The χ² test
  7.3.5 Extension to complex spectra
  7.3.6 Difficulties with the χ² test
  7.3.7 The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test
  7.3.8 Examples
  7.3.9 Final remarks
 7.4 Model binning
  7.4.1 Model energy grid
  7.4.2 Evaluation of the model spectrum
  7.4.3 Binning the model spectrum
  7.4.4 Which approximation to choose?
  7.4.5 The effective area
  7.4.6 Final remarks
 7.5 The proposed response matrix
  7.5.1 Dividing the response into components
  7.5.2 More complex situations
  7.5.3 A response component
 7.6 Determining the grids in practice
  7.6.1 Creating the data bins
  7.6.2 creating the model bins
 7.7 Proposed file formats
  7.7.1 Proposed response format
  7.7.2 Proposed spectral file format
 7.8 examples
  7.8.1 Introduction
  7.8.2 Rosat PSPC
  7.8.3 ASCA SIS0
  7.8.4 XMM RGS data
 7.9 References